Attachment for plain looms



Dec. 26, 1933. A. w. GIONET Er' AL ATTACHMENT FOR PLAIN LOOMS 3 SIieets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 12, 1932 Fig.1.

3nventor 11491 Gttorueg Dec. 26, 1933. A. w. GIONET El AL ATTACHMENT FOR PLAIN LOOMS Filed Aug. 12, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Dec. 26, 1933. A. w. GIONET ET AL ,941,297

ATTACHMENT FOR PLAIN LOOMS Filed Aug. 12, 1932 r 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Dec. 26, 1933 ATTACHMENT FOR PLAEN LOOMS Arthur W. Gionet and Joseph J. Higginbottom,

Lowell, Mass, assignors to Boott Mills, a corporation of Massachusetts Application August 12,

9 Claims.

This invention relates to an attachment for plain looms.

The invention aims to provide, in a manner as hereinafter set forth, a loom attachment for the weaving of a fabric or fabrics requiring 9 picks or filling threads to complete a pattern.

A further object of the invention is to provide whereby a fabric requiring 9 picks in the pattern can be woven with underneath cams.

A further object of the invention is to provide, in a manner as hereinafter set forth, a loom attachment so constructed and arranged for weaving on a loom from underneath cams a fabric requiring 9 picks or filling threads to a pattern before repeat.

A- further object of the invention is to provide, ina manner as hereinafter set forth, a loom attachment so constructed and arranged for Weaving on a loom from underneath cams a fabric requiring 9 picks in the pattern without the necessity of the use of a side cam loom or a dobby to accomplish such purpose.

A further object of the invention is to provide, in a manner as hereinafter set forth, a loom attachment for weaving on a loom from underneath cams a fabric requiring 9 picks in the pattern, and with the cams capable of being adjuste or set relatively to each other to permit the pattern to start for each cam on any designated pick, and with the cams having coacting means for retaining them in adjusted or set position.

Further objects of the invention are to provide, in a manner as hereinafter set forth, a loom attachment for the purpose referred to which is simple in its construction and arrangement, strong, durable, compact, adjustable, thoroughly efficient in its use, readily assembled, and comparatively inexpensive to manufacture.

To the above ends essentially, and to others which hereinafter appear, the invention consists of such parts, and such combination of parts which fall within'the scope of the invention as claimed.

In the drawings:

Figure l is a front elevation of the attachment with parts broken away.

Figure 2 is a side elevation broken away and partly in section.

Figures 3; 4, 5 and 6 are respectively an elevation looking to the outer side face, an elevation looking towards the front of the edge, an elevation looking to the inner side face and a section on line 5--6 of Figure 3 of the first cam of the bank of underneath cams.

1932. Serial No. 628,592

Figures 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 are elevations looking towards the outer side face respectively of the second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth cams of the bank of underneath cams.

Figure 12 is an elevation of the bank of cams.

In the drawings, 15 indicates a frame of a loom used in weaving cloth and which below the top thereof rotatably supports the main driving shaft 16 of the loom. The shaft 16 is designed for drivin'g various parts, not shown, of the loom and is provided at one end, adjacent one side of frame 15 with a gear 17. Arranged below and in'parallelism with respect to the shaft 16 is a cam shaft 18 which is journaled in frame 15 and extends from' one side of the latter. The extended end of shaft 18has fixed thereto a gear wheel 19 of greater diameter than, which meshes with and is driven from gear 1'7. J ournaled in a sub frame 15 supported within frame 15 is an auxiliary cam gear shaft 20 provided with a pair of gears 21, 21', the former being of greater diameter than the latter and which meshes with and is operated from a gear 22 carried by shaft 20. J ournaled' in the sub frame 15 is an auxiliary cam shaft 20' provided with a gear 22' which meshes with and is driven from gear 21. Preferably the gear 21 will be formed with thirty-six teeth, the gear 21' twenty teeth, the gear 22 twenty-four teeth and the gear 22 sixty teeth. The gears 1'7 and 19 may be of any desired ratio with respect to each other preferably one to two respectively. It is to be understood that the number of teeth in any of the gears may be varied, so long as the result will give one complete revolution of the cams, to be referred to, for each nine revolutions of the crank shaft.

Carried by the shaft 20 and bodily revolving therewith is a bank of sidewise opposed underneath came. The bank may consist of six or more cams and is illustrated by way of example as consisting of six in number. The cams of the bank are indicated at 23, 24, 25, 26, 2'7 and 28 respectively providing the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth cams of the bank. Each cam is formed with an axial opening 29, a collar 30 on its outer side having its inner face registering with the wall of opening 29 and a protuberance 31 disposed transversely of the outer end of collar 30. The length of the protuberance corresponds to the width of said outer end. The protuberance gradually increases in width from the inner to the outer side edge of the collar and has a flat outer face. The inner side face of each cam is formed with a collar 32 having its inner face registering with the wall of opening 29. The collar 32 is divided into eighteen sectors corresponding in shape to that of the protuberance 31. The sectors are arranged to provide nine grooves 32 and nine rizers 33. The protuberance 31 of one cam is selectively engageable in the grooves 32 of an adjacent cam for connecting the latter in set position with respect to the other cam. The protuberances and grooves provide the cams with coacting interengaging means providing for the setting of the cams in a manner to permit the pattern to start on any designated pick.

Cam 23 includes extended lobes 34, 35 and 36 and arcuate surfaces 37, 38 and 39 at the inner ends of the lobes. The surface 37 is arranged between lobes 34 and 36, the surface 38 between lobes 35, 36 and the surface 39 between lobes 34, 35. The surfaces 37, 38 are substantially of the same length. The length of surface 39 is less than the length of either surface 37 or 38. The lobe 34 is substantially of rectangular contour and has an arcuate outer end edge 40. The lobes 35, 36 are tapered and have arcuate outer end edges 41, 42 respectively. The lobes 35, 36 extend at opposite inclinations with respect to each other. The lobe 34 is disposed at an inclination with respect to lobes 35, 36. The lobes 35 and 36 are of the same length. The lobes 35, 36 have oppositely inclined side edges.

The cam 24 includes a pair of oppositely extending lobes 43, 44 having arcuate outer end edges 45, 46 respectively and a pair of arcuate surfaces 47, 48 between the lobes. The lobe 43 is of substantially rectangular contour. The lobe 44 is slightly greater than a half circle and has oppositely inclined side edges. The lobe 43 is disposed centrally with respect to lobe 44.

The cam 25 is formed with lobes 49, 50 and 51 of the same contour as lobes 34, 35 and 36 respectively. Lobe 49 is disposed substantially at right angles to lobe 50, whereas lobe 34 is disposed at an inclination to lobes 35 and 36. The

cam 25 also includes arcuate surfaces 52, 53 and 54 between the lobes thereof and which are of the same form as that of the arcuate surfaces 37, 38 and 39, respectively.

The cam 26 is formed with lobes 55, 56 and 57 of the same contour as lobes 34, 35 and 36 respectively. The lobe is disposed at an inclination with respect to lobes 56 and 57. The cam 26 also includes arcuate surfaces 58, 59 and 66 between the lobes thereof and which are of the same form as that of the arcuate surfaces 37, 38 and 39 respectively.

The cam 27 is formed with a pair of oppositely extending lobes 61, 62 of the same form and arrangement as lobes 45, 46 respectively. The cam 27 also includes arcuate surfaces 63, 64 between the lobes thereof which are of the same form as the surfaces 47, 48 respectively of cam 24. The lobe 61 has inwardly extending side edges whereas lobe 43 has parallel side edges.

The cam 28 is formed with lobes 65, 66 and 67 substantially of the same contour and arrangement as the lobes 34, 35 and 36 respectively. The lobe has inwardly extending side edges, whereas the lobe 34 has parallel side edges. The cam 28 also includes arcuate surfaces 6'7, 68 and 69 between the lobes thereof and which are of the same form as surfaces 37, 38 and 39 respectively.

Treadles '70, 71, 72, 73, '74 and are provided with arms 76, 77, '78, 79, and 80 respectively for engaging with the cams 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 and 28 respectively. The treadles 70, 71, 72, 73, 74 and 75 are for operating actuating connections 81,

82, 83, 84, and 86 respectively for the harnesses 87 and these latter cooperate with the cams for weaving the cloth. The treadles are provided with means, as at 87 for adjustably attaching the lower ends of the harnesses actuating connections therewith.

The radii of the cams are different with respect to each other. The cam 24 has its radius slightly greater than that of cam 23. The cam 25 has its radius greater than that of cams 23 and 24. The cam 26 has its radius slightly greater than that of cam 24. The cam 27 has its radius greater than that of cam 25. The cam 28 is of greater radius than any of the other cams. Preferably cams 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 and 28 will be respectively of 34 5-; 35 3-; 3%; 3%; 3% and 44's inches in diameter, and such arrangement is illustrated in Fig. 12.

The cams are of varying sizes because it is necessary in weaving that each harness after the first be moved up and down a greater distance than the preceding one so that yarn threads actuated by all harnesses be at the same angle starting from the fell of the cloth. As the distance from the fell of the cloth to the second harness is greater than the distance from the fell of the cloth to the first harness, and as the second harness must be attached to its corresponding treadle at a shorter distance from the pivot point of the treadle than the first harness, it is necessary that second cam be of greater outside circumference and smaller inside circumference than the first cam. The outside point of a cam 45 represents a harness down. The inside point of a cam 48 represents a harness up. There are therefore on each cam, two circles that govern the stationary positions of the corresponding harness. To increase the distance a harness must travel from an up position to a "down position, or vice versa, it is necessary therefore that the outside circumference be increased and the inside circumference be decreased. As the inside and outside circumferences are different on each cam, it will naturally follow that the side edges of each cam will vary, as each change of movement must be divided into the same relative proportions for each progressive function of the cam, (dwell, change of position, dwell). To better illustrate the reference characters A, B, C, D, E, F and G have been applied to Figure 7: From A to B, C to D, E to F are dwells; from B to C, D to E, F to G are change of positions.

A to B, and E to F are on What has been described as the inside circumference; C to D is on what has been described as the "outside circumference. From A to B, C to D, E to F, harness is stationary. From B to C, D to E, F to G harness is moving to change position.

Each of the lobes 34, 45, 49, 55, 61 and 65 is employed to provide for 2 down picks to each harness. Each of the surfaces 37, 38, 53, 52, 58, 59, 67 and 68 is employed to provide for 2 up picks to each harness. Each of the lobes 35, 36, 50, 51, 56, 5'7, 66 and 67 is employed to provide for 1 down pick to each harness. Each of the surfaces 39, 47, 48, 54, 60, 63, 64 and 69 is employed to provide for 1 up pick to each harness. The lobes 44, 62 are employed to provide for 5 down picks to the harnesses 82, 85 respectively.

The arrangement of the cams is such as to have a plain loom operated with underneath cams on an underneath auxiliary cam shaft; the cams to be so formed that a pattern requiring 9 picks before repeating may be obtained.

The construction referredto provides each cam '23, 25, 26, and 2 8 with a set of spaced radially an upstanding sub-frame disposed lobes and each cam 24 and 27 with apair of oppositely extending spaced lobes. The lobes of one set of lobes is ofifset with respect to the lobes of an adjacent set. The lobes ofone pair of lobes are substantially in alignment with the lobes of the other pair. The edge surfaces 39, 47, 48, 54, 60, 63, 6% and 6910f the cams do not register with each other. The edge surfaces 3'7, 52 58 and- 67 of 4 the cams do not register with each other. The edge surfaces 38, 53, 59, and-68 do not register with each other.

With respect to the embodiment of the in vention as shown, the manner in which its harnesses are moved, due to the action of the cams on the treadles will'nowbe referred to.

The cams 23 and 25ers so shaped that following'movement of each relative harness is obtained; up for 2 picks, down for 2; pickaup for 1 pick, down for 1 pick, up for 2 picks and down for 1 pick.

The cams 24 and 27 are so shaped that following movement of each relative harness is obtained; up for 1 pick, down for 2 picks, up for 1 pick; down for 5 picks.

The earns 26 and 28 are so shaped that following movement of each relative harness is obtained; down for 2' picks, up for 2 picks, down for 1 pick, up for 2 picks, down for 1 pick, and up for 1 pick.

It is to be understood that the cams are illustrated of some pattern that may be obtained, but are not the only patterns or shapes'ofcams to obtain the object sought, as a large variety of different shaped cams could be employed allowing for varying picksup or down throughout the nine pick cycle of each cam. It is also possible to carry out the invention by employing a number of harnesses the loom will permit and not necessary to confine it to six harnesses.

What we claim is:-

1. In a loom attachment for weaving a fabric from underneath cams requiring nine picks in the pattern, the combination of a series of vertically movable harness, and an independent operating means for each harnessoi the series, of an upstanding sub-frame adapted to be arranged in the lower portion of the main frame of the loom, a driven rotatable element journaledin the sub-frame, a bank of sidewise opposed axialy pe tu a of ar n zes fix d to an bodily moving with said element, the number of cams of the bank correspondingto the niunber of harnesses of the series, and each cam for independently actuating a harness operating means, each of the cams of the bank having an outside and an inside circular circumferential portion coacting successfully with a harness operating means and with theoutside circumferential portion being greater than the inside. circumference, theoutside and inside circumferential portions of the cams respectively, increasing and decreasing progressively from one end of the bank to the other of the latter for varying the side edges of the cams so that, each harness of the series, after the first, is moved up and down a greater distance than a preceding one whereby the yarn threads actuated by all of, the harnesses of the series will be at thesame angle, starting from the fell of the cloth.

2. In a loom attachment for weaving. a fabric from underneath cams requiring nine picks in the pattern, the combination of a seriesof vertically movable harness, and an independent operating means for each harness of the series, of

adapted to be arranged in the lower portion of the main frame ofthe loom, a driven rotatable element journaled. in the sub-frame, a bank of sidewise opposed axially apertured cams of varying sizes fixed to and bodily-moving with said element, the number of cams of the bank corresponding to the number of harnesses of the series, and each cam for inde pendently actuating a harness operating means, each ofthe cams of the and an inside circular circumferential portion coacti-ng successively with a harness operating means and with the outside circumferential portion being greater than the inside circumference, the outside and inside circumferential portionsof the cams respectively increasing and decreasing progressively from one end of the bank to the other of the latter for varying the side edges of the cams so that each harness of the series, after the first, is moved up and down a greater distance than a preceding one whereby the yarn threads actuated by all of the harnesses of the series will be at the same angle starting from the fell of the cloth, said cams of the back being adjustable relatively to each other about said element, each of the intermediate cams of the bank having centrally of each side thereof laterally extending means registering with its aperture, each end cam of the bank having centrally of the inner side laterally extending means registering with its aperture, and the said laterally extending means on the cams of the bank coacting to maintain the cams in adjusted position.

3. In a loom attachment for weaving afabric from underneath cams requiring nine picks in the pattern, the combination of a seriesof vertically movable-harness, and'an independent operating means'foreach harness of the series, of an upstanding sub-frame adapted to be arranged in the lower portion of the main frame ofthe loom, a driven rotatable element journaled in the subframe, a bank of sidewise opposed axially apertured cams of varying sizes fixed to and bodily moving with said element, the number of cams of'the bank corresponding to the number of harnesses of the series, and each cam for independently actuating a harness operating means, each of the cams of the bank having an outside and an inside circular circumferential portion coacting successively with a harness operating means and with the outside circumferential portion-being greater than the inside circumference, the outside and inside circumferential portions of the cams respectively increasing and decreasing progressively from one end of the bank to the other of the latter for varying the side edges'of' the cams so that each harness of the series, after the first, is moved up and down ag'reater distance than a preceding one whereby the yarn threads actuated by all of the harnesses of the series will be at the same angle starting from the fell ofthe cloth, said cams of the bank beingadjustable relatively to each other about said element, each of the intermediate cams of the bank having centrally of one side thereof a collarformed of nine endwise opposed spaced sectors and centrally of the other side thereof a collar, provided on its outer end edge with a protuberance of a contour corresponding to the spaces between the sectors, one end cam of the bank having centrally-of its inner side acollar provided on its outer end edge with a protuberance of the same contour as the other protuberances, said sectors and protuberances coacting for maintaining the cams in ad;- justed position.

bankhaving an outside 4. In a loom attachment for weaving a fabric from underneath cams requiring nine picks in its pattern, the combination of the main frame of the loom, a series of vertically movable harnesses, a main driving shaft supported by said frame, an independent operating means for each harness of the series, and a cam shaft supported by the frame and operated from said driving shaft, of a subframe supported by and arranged centrally of the lower portion of the main frame, an upper auxiliary cam shaft journaled in said sub-frame and driven from said other cam shaft, a lower auxiliary cam shaft journaled in the sub-frame and driven from said upper cam shaft, a bank of sidewise opposed axially apertured cams of varying sizes fixed to and bodily movable with said lower shaft, the number of cams of the bank corresponding to the number of harnesses of the series, and each cam for independently actuating a harness operating means, each of the cams of the bank having an outside and an inside circular circumferential portion coacting successively with a harness operating means and with the outside circumferential portion being greater than the inside circumference, the outside and inside circumferential portions of the cams respectively increasing and decreasing progressively from one end of the bank to the other of the latter for varying the side edges of the cams so that each harness of the series, after the first, is moved up and down a greater distance than a preceding one whereby the yarn threads actuated by all of the harnesses of the series will be at the same angle starting from the fell of the cloth.

5. In a loom attachment for weaving a fabric from underneath cams requiring nine picks in its pattern, the combination of the main frame of the loom, a series of vertically movable harnesses, a main driving shaft supported by said frame, an independent operating means for each harness of the series, and a cam shaft supported by the frame and operated from said driving shaft, of a sub-frame supported by and arranged centrally of the lower portion of the main frame, an upper auxiliary cam shaft journaled in said sub-frame and driven from said other cam shaft, a lower auxiliary cam shaft journaled in the subframe and driven from said upper cam shaft, a bank of sidewise opposed axially apertured cams of varying sizes fixed to and bodily movable with said lower shaft, the number of cams of the bank corresponding to the number of harnesses of the series, and each cam for independently actuating a harness operating means, each of the cams of the bank having an outside and an inside circular circumferential portion coacting successively with a harness operating means and with the outside circumferential portion being greater than the inside circumference, the outside and inside circumferential portions of the cams respectively increasing and decreasing progressively from one end of the bank to the other of the latter for varying the side edges of the cams so that each harness of the series, after the first, is moved up and down a greater distance than a preceding one whereby the yarn threads actuated by all of the harnesses of the series will be at the same angle starting from the fell of the cloth, said cams of the bank being adjustable relatively to each other about said element, each of the intermediate cams of the bank having centrally of each side thereof laterally extending means registering with its aperture, each end cam of the bank having centrally of the inner side laterally extending means registerfrom underneath cams requiring nine picks in its pattern, the combination of the main frame of the loom, a series of vertically movable harnesses, a main driving shaft supported by said frame, an independent operating means for each harness of the series, and a cam shaft supported I by the frame and operated from said driving shaft, of a sub-frame supported by and arranged centrally of the lower portion of the main frame, an upper auxiliary cam shaft journaled in said sub-frame and driven from said other cam shaft,

a lower auxiliary cam shaft journaled in the subframe and driven from said upper cam shaft, a bank of sidewise opposed axially apertured cams of varying sizes fixed to and bodily movable with said lower shaft, the number of cams of the bank corresponding to the number of harnesses of the series, and each cam for independently actuating a harness operating means, each of the cams of the bank having an outside and an inside circular circumferential portion coacting successively with a harness operating means and with the outside circumferential portion being greater than the inside circumference, the outside and inside circumferential portions of the cams respectively increasing and decreasing progressively from one end of the bank to the other of the latter for varying the side edges of the cams so that each harness of the series, after the first, is moved up and down a greater distance than a preceding one whereby the yarn threads actuated by all of the harnesses of the series will be at the same angle starting from the fell of the cloth, said cams of the bank being adjustable relatively to each other about said element, each of the intermediate cams of the bank having centrally of one side thereof a collar formed of nine endwise opposed spaced sectors and centrally of the other side thereof a collar provided on its outer end edge with a protuberance of a contour corresponding to the spaces between the sectors, one end cam of the bank having centrally of its inner side a collar formed of a series of endwise opposed spaced sections, the other end cam 0f the bank having centrally of its inner side a collar provided on its outer end edge with a protuberance of the same contour as the other protuberances, said sectors and protuberances coacting for maintaining thecams in adjusted position.

7. In a loom attachment for weaving a fabric from underneath cams requiring nine picks in its pattern, in combination, a set of six vertically movable harnesses, an independent operating means for each harness, a rotatable element adapted to be positioned centrally of the lower portion of the main frame of the loom, a horizontally disposed bank of sidewise opposed cams of varying sizes axially mounted upon and bodily carried with said element, the. number of cams of the bank corresponding to the number of the harnesses of said set and each cam for independently operating a harness, each of the cams of the bank having an outside and an inside circumferential portion coacting successively with a harness operating means, and with the outside circumferential portion being greater than the inside circumferential portion, the outside and inside circumferential portions of the cams respectively increasing and decreasing progressively from one end of the bank to the other end of the latter for varying the side edges of the cams for dividing each change of movement into the same relative proportions for each progressive action of a cam is that each harness of the set, after the first, is moved up and down a greater distance than a preceding one whereby the yarn threads actuated by all of the harnesses of the set will be at the same angle starting from the fell of the cloth.

8. A loom attachment as set forth in claim 7, having the cams of the bank adjustable relatively to each other, each or" the intermediate cams of the bank having centrally of one side thereof a collar formed of nine endwise opposed spaced sectors and centrally or" the other side thereof a collar provided on its outer end edge with a protuberance of a contour corresponding to the spaces between the sectors, one end cam of the bank having centrally of its inner side a collar formed of a series of enclwise opposed spaced sections, the other end cam of the bank having centrally of its inner side a collar provided on its outer end edge with a protuberance of the same contour as the other protuberances, said sectors and protuberances coacting for maintaining the cams in adjusted position.

9. In a loom attachment for weaving a fabric from underneath cams requiring nine picks in its pattern, in combination, a set of six vertically movable harnesses, an independent operating means for each harness, a rotatable element adapted to be positioned centrally oi the lower portion of the main frame of the loom, a horizontally disposed bank of sidewise opposed cams of varying sizes axially mounted upon and bodily carried with said element, the number of cams of the bank corresponding to the number of the harnesses of said set and each cam for independently operating a harness, each of the cams of the bank having an outside and an inside circumferential portion coacting successively with a harness operating means, and with the outside circumferential portion being greater than the inside circumferential portion, the outside and inside circumferential portions of the cams respectively increasing and decreasing progressively from one end of the bank to the other end of the latter for varying the side edges of the cams for dividing each change of movement into the same relative proportions for each progressive action of a cam is that each harness of the set, after the first, is moved up and down a greater distance than a preceding one whereby the yarn threads actuated by all of the harnesses of the set will be at the same angle starting from the fell of the cloth, said cams of the back being adjustable relatively to each other about said element, each of the intermediate cams of the bank having centrally or" each side thereof laterally extending means registering with its aperture, each end-cam of the bank having centrally of its inner side laterally extending means registering with its aperture, and the said laterally extending means on the cams of the bank coacting to maintain the cams in adjusted position.

ARTHUR W. GIONET. JOSEPH J. HIGGINBOTTOM. 

